荀子·天论原文及翻译

admin 阅读:398 2024-05-26 13:16:49 评论:0

荀子《天论》

荀子(约前313年—约前238年)是中国先秦时期的著名思想家之一,其代表作之一就是《荀子》。其中的《天论》是荀子思想的重要篇章之一,探讨了天、人、道的关系,以及人与天道的互动。

原文节选:

```

天之道,损有余而补不足;人之道则不然,损不足以奉有余。故富者之道,破其仁;贫者之道,破其欲。破仁则无亲,破欲则无求。无亲则孝弟无节,无求则乐怠舍矣。孝弟无节,则患不义;乐怠舍,则乱不治。故富者虽欲不犯贫者,其不可得也;贫者虽欲不犯富者,其不可得也。君子之道,推而行之;天道之道,损而益之。

```

英文翻译:

```

The Way of Heaven is to reduce excess while adding to deficiency; the way of humanity is the opposite. When the wealthy follow their way, they damage their benevolence; when the poor follow their way, they damage their desires. Damaging benevolence leads to lack of familial affection; damaging desires leads to lack of aspiration. Without familial affection, there is no filial piety or sibling respect; without aspiration, there is joy in idleness and abandonment. When there is lack of filial piety and sibling respect, there will be the problem of injustice; when there is joy in idleness and abandonment, there will be disorder and lack of governance. Thus, even though the wealthy may desire not to infringe upon the poor, it is unavoidable; even though the poor may desire not to infringe upon the wealthy, it is unavoidable. The way of the noble person is to promote and enact it; the way of the Way of Heaven is to reduce and augment.

```

解读与评析:

荀子在《天论》中通过对天、人、道之间关系的比较,阐述了其道德观念和治国理政的思想。他认为天道是一种客观规律,遵循着损有余而补不足的原则,而人的行为则应该效法天道,通过减少过剩来满足不足。相比之下,人的行为往往违背了这种规律,导致了社会上的种种不公和混乱。

荀子强调富者和贫者在追求利益时所表现出的道德和行为,指出富者常常以损害他人的方式来满足自己的欲望,而贫者也往往因欲望得不到满足而丧失了追求。他认为君子应该遵循天道的原则,推行仁义之道,而不是沉迷于个人私利。

荀子的《天论》体现了其独特的人生哲学和治国理政思想,对于中国古代儒家思想的发展产生了重要影响,也为后世的政治、伦理学提供了宝贵的借鉴。

本文 新鼎系統网 原创,转载保留链接!网址:https://acs-product.com/post/27088.html

声明

免责声明:本网站部分内容由用户自行上传,若侵犯了您的权益,请联系我们处理,谢谢!联系QQ:2760375052 版权所有:新鼎系統网沪ICP备2023024866号-15

最近发表